Naim Jerliu completed his undergraduate and postgraduate studies in medicine at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Prishtina. He earned a doctorate in public health from the Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences (FHML) at Maastricht University in the Netherlands. 

He is a public health specialist at the National Institute of Public Health of Kosovo (NIPHK), where he established and led the Center on Aging since 2012. Since 2018, he has served as the Medical Director of the NIPHK. His research and scientific publications primarily focus on public health, with specific attention to aging, health literacy, and non-communicable diseases. 

Additionally, he has actively contributed to the development of policies and legislation, as well as providing professional consultancy on healthcare issues in Kosovo. Since 2019, he has been the scientific co-leader of the joint project "Cohort of Non-communicable Diseases in Kosovo (KOSCO Cohort Study)," in collaboration with Swiss TPH, NIPHK, and the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Prishtina (UP). 

He is an associate professor of public health courses at the Faculty of Medicine, and since October 1, 2024, has been serving as Vice-Rector for Teaching, Academic Personnel Affairs, and Publications at the University of Prishtina.